Dial References

Inspiratory Flow Rates

Dial References

Accuhaler / Diskus

Hill LS, Slater AL. A comparison of the performance of two modern multidose dry powder asthma inhalers. Resp Med 1998;92: 105-110

Nielson K G, Auk I L, Bojsen K et al. Clinical effect of Diskus™ dry-powder inhaler at low and high inspiratory flow rates in asthmatic children. Eur Resp J 1998; 11: 350-354

Malton A, Sumby BS, Dandiker Y. A comparison of in-vitro drug delivery from salbutamol Diskus™ and terbutaline Turbohaler™ inhalers. J. Pharm. Med 1996; 6:35-48

Malton A, Sumby BS, Smith IJ. A comparison of in-vitro drug delivery from two multidose powder inhalation devices. EurJ Clin Res 1995; 7: 177-193

Prime D, Sharma RK, Slater AL, Petchley L, Parkes PA. In-vitro comparison of the dose delivery characteristics of two multi-dose powder inholers delivering long-acting B2-agonists. Eur Resp J 1997; 10 (suppl 25): 258s

Turbuhaler / Turbohaler

Hill LS, Slater AL. A comparison of the performance of two modern multidose dry powder asthma inhalers. Resp Med 1998;92: 105-110

Malton A, Sumby BS, Dandiker Y. A comparison of in-vitro drug delivery from salbutamol Diskus™ and terbutaline Turbohaler™ inhalers. J. Pharm. Med 1996; 6:35-48

Dolovich MB, Vanzieleghem M, Hidinger K-G, Newhouse M. Influence of inspiratory flow rate (VI) on the response to terbutaline (T) via the Turbuhaler™. NER Allergy Proc, 1988; 9: 380

Persson G, Gruvstad E, Stahl E. A new multiple dose powder inhaler, (Turbuhaler), compared with a pressurised inhaler in a study of terbutaline in asthmatics. Eur Respir J, 1988; 1: 681 -684

Borgstrom L, Bondesson E, Moren F, Trofast E, Newman SP. Lung deposition of Budesonide inhaled via Turbohaler: a comparison with Terbutaline sulphate in normal subjects Eur Respir J 1994; 7:69-73

Engel T, Heinig JH, Madsen F, Nikander K. Peak inspiratory flow and inspiratory vital capacity of patients with asthma measured with and without a new dry-powder inhaler device (Turbohaler) Eur Respi J 1990; 3:1037-1041

Budesonide Turbohaler - A Workshop Report" (Published 1993, Clinical Vision, based on a workshop held in London, England, December 12 1992, Dr Bill Jackson, Ed

Newman SP, Moren F, Trofast E, Talaee N, Clarke SW. Terbutaline sulphate Turbohaler: effect of inhaled flow rate on drug deposition and efficacy Int J Pharmaceut 1991; 74: 209-213

Jaegfeldt H., Anderson JAR, Trofast E, Wetterlin K. Particle size distribution from different modifications of Turbohaler. In Newman SP, Moren F and Crompton GK (Eds) A new concept in Inhalation Therapy. Medicom. Bussum. The Netherlands. 1987 pp 90-99

Borgstrom L, Derom E, Stahl E, Wahlin-Boll, Pauwels R. The inhalation device influences lung deposition and bronchodilating effect of Terbutaline Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153:1636-1640.

Autohaler

Baum EA, Bryant AM. The development and laboratory testing of a novel breath-actuated pressurized inhaler. J Aerosol Med 1988; 1:219-220

Newman SP, Weisz AWB, Talaee N, Clarke SW. Improvement of drug delivery with a breath actuated pressurised aerosol for patients with poor inhaler technique. Thorax 1991; 46 (10): 712-716

Ross DL, Schultz RK. Effect of inhalation flow rote on the dosing characteristics of dry powder inhaler (DPI) and metered dose inhaler (MDI) products. Journal of Aerosol Medicine 1996; 9, (2): 215-226

Newman SP, Pavia D, Garland N, Clarke SW. Effects of various inhalation modes on the deposition of radioactive pressurized aerosols. Europ J Respir Disease 1982; 63 (SUPPL 119): 57-65

Easi-breathe / Surehaler

Newman SP, Pavia D, Garland N, Clarke SW. Effects of various inhalation modes on the deposition of radioactive pressurized aerosols. Europ J Respir Disease 1982; 63 (SUPPL 119): 57-65

Hardy JG, Jasuja AK, Frier M, Perkins AC. A small volume spacer for use with a breath operated pressurised metered dose inhaler. Int. J. Pharmaceutics 142(1996) 129-133

Low resistance pMDI

Newman SP, Pavia D, Garland N, Clarke SW. Effects of various inhalation modes on the deposition of radioactive pressurized aerosols. Europ J Respir Disease 1982; 63 (SUPPL 119): 57-65

Carveth HJ, Kanner RE. Optimizing deposition of aerosolized drug in the lung: A review. Medscape Respiratory Care 3 (1), 1999 Newman SP, Pavia D, Clarke SW. How should pressurized beta-adrenergic bronchodilators be inhaled ? Eur J Resp Dis 1981;62;3-20

Note:

Accuhaler and Diskus are trademarks of the GlaxoWellcome group of companies.

Turbuhaler and Turbohaler are trademarks of AstraZeneca.

Autohaler is a trademark of 3M.

Easi-Breathe is a trademark of Norton Healthcare

Surehaler is a trademark of GlaxoWellcome group of companies